MORPHOLOGICAL AND ORTHOGRAPHIC ADAPTATION OF BORROWED WORDS IN THE INDONESIAN SUBTITLES OF ‘ONWARD’ (2020)

Abstract

This research examines the morphological and orthographic adaptation patterns of borrowed words in the Indonesian subtitles of the animated movie "Onward" (2020). Through a descriptive qualitative method, this study analyzes 13 naturalized borrowing words, applying Molina and Albir's (2002) translation procedure framework and principles of morphological adaptation. The findings reveal that borrowed words undergo systematic changes in form and spelling to integrate into the Indonesian linguistic system. Two primary morphological adaptation patterns were identified: (1) singularization, where English plural nouns are adapted into their singular root forms in Indonesian (e.g., centaurs → centaurus); and (2) suffix reduction, where an English adjectival suffix is removed to borrow the base noun (e.g., gelatinous → gelatin). Orthographically, adaptations consistently follow the Perfected Indonesian Spelling (EYD) guidelines, with patterns including grapheme substitution (e.g., 'c' → 'k' in campaign → kampanye), cluster respelling ('sc' → 'sk' in scenario → skenario), and final consonant deletion (e.g., element → elemen). These adaptations demonstrate that naturalization is a structured process that adjusts both the grammatical form and the spelling of foreign words to ensure their seamless integration and productivity within the Indonesian language.